The European World: A History

Preface The emergence of the European world The heritage of the European world -- The legacy of ancient civilization -- The birth of Europe -- Medieval civilization in its prime -- The crisis of the medieval order -- Economic change and the expansion of Europe -- The Great Depression of the Later Middle Ages -- The rise of modern capitalism -- The great discoveries -- Overseas expansion & the feedback to Europe The Renaissance -- The Renaissance in Italy -- Italian humanism -- Italian art -- The northern Renaissance -- Renaissance science -- The politics of the Renaissance -- Political theory -- Italian politics -- The rise of the nation-states -- The Italian wars -- Reformations, Protestant and Catholic -- The eleventh hour of the Medieval church -- Luther and the German Reformation -- The Swiss Reformation and the rise of Calvinism -- The Reformation in England -- The Catholic Reformation -- The Age of Reformation -- The empire of Charles V -- The wars of religion in France -- The Spanish predominance -- Elizabethan England The borderlands of Europe -- The creation of the Russian state -- Poland to 1660 -- Scandinavia to 1660 -- The Ottoman empire to 1656 -- Social, intellectual, and cultural dynamism, 1500-1600 -- Society and social dynamics -- The scientific revolution -- Political theory -- The baroque -- The age of crisis, 1600-1660: absolutist solution -- The Thirty Years' War -- The decline of Spain -- The reconstruction of France -- The emergence of absolutism -- Absolutism versus oligarchy: England & the Dutch epublic England's constitutional crisis -- Another Protestant Republic -- The rise of the Dutch Republic -- The flowering of Dutch Culture -- Absolutism, enlightenment, and revolution -- The pinnacle of French absolutism -- I am the State -- Absolutism in economics and religion -- French predominance -- Cultural glory of France -- Absolutism in Austria, Spain, and Prussia -- The rise of the Austrian Hapsburgs -- The rise of the Spanish Bourbons -- The rise of Hohenzollern Prussia -- Frederick the Great of Prussia -- Absolutism and oligarchy in the East -- Russia becomes a great power -- The decline and disappearance of Poland -- Scandinavia -- The Ottoman empire -- Constitutionalism and oligarchy in the West -- The Dutch oligarchy -- Triumph of the English oligarchy -- The Augustan age of English oligarchy -- Dutch and British oligarchy beset -- Wealth, war, and empire -- Power and plenty: the policies of economic nationalism -- Europe overseas: colonies and commerce -- Dynastic and imperial statecraft -- The American revolution -- The age of science -- The scientific community of intellect -- The physical world -- The psychic world -- The social world -- The enlightenment -- The circles of enlightenment -- The philosophies -- The encyclopedists and the progress of science -- Counter-enlightenment -- The crisis of absolutism -- Enlightened despotism -- The failure to renovate France -- France on the eve of revolution -- The French Revolution -- The coming of the revolution -- The constitutional monarchy -- The republic of virtue -- Reaction and irresolution -- Impact of the French Revolution -- The Napoleonic era -- Napoleon Bonaparte -- The domestic reformer -- The empire builder -- The Napoleonic legacy -- The zenith of the European world -- Social forces and social change -- Romanticism and reaction -- The Vienna settlement and the concert of Europe -- Romanticism in literature and the arts -- Romanticism in philosophy, politics, and religion -- Restoration politics. TABLE OF CONTENTS -- The rising tide of revolution -- Revolutionary currents: liberalism and nationalism -- Revolution and self-government in the Americas -- Romantic revolution -- The revolutions of 1830-1834 -- Parliamentary reform in Great Britain -- The revolution in economic life -- The rise of modern industry -- Early industrialism in Europe and America -- Social aspects of early industrialism -- Economic liberalism, laissez faire, and free trade -- Revolution at floodtide -- Contrasting liberalisms in the West -- The growth of social protest -- The revolution of 1848 in France -- other revolutionary movements -- The realist reaction -- Ebb tide of revolution, 1848-1851 -- Realism in literature and the arts -- The progress of science -- The warfare of science with theology -- Materialism and positivism -- The politics of power -- Napoleon III and the second French empire -- The Risorgimento and Italian unity -- Foundations of German unity -- The clash of power in North America -- The watershed of 1867-1871 -- The spread of modern industry -- Technological bases of the new industrialism -- Business organization and the World Market System -- National economic styles -- Organized labor and the revival of socialism -- Democratic reform and social strife -- The triumph of democ...